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Antibody-drug conjugates

Gain insight into biodistribution, target engagement, and payload localization.

The challenge

The imaging gap in ADC development

Antibody-drug conjugates are redefining targeted therapy by combining the specificity of antibodies with potent cytotoxic payloads. Despite their promise, many ADCs fail in translation due to incomplete understanding of how they distribute and interact in complex biological systems. Preclinical researchers are often faced with the following challenges when imaging their ADCs:

Conventional assays (IHC, LC-MS, autoradiography) are limited to 2D and only assess a small sample of tissue
Imaging modalities like PET/SPECT provide full 3D assessment, yet lack the resolution to visualize sub-organ or tissue-specific distribution
In vivo fluorescence imaging provides surface-level data only; this limited anatomical resolution can miss deep-tissue or off-target uptake
Histology offers cellular detail but only for pre-selected tissues, introducing bias

Given these challenges, researchers are left with gaps in spatial and molecular understanding that can lead to incorrect or incomplete conclusions about ADC targeting, safety, and efficacy.

EMIT Imaging's visualization tools make CFT data easier to explore and collaborate on, with a full range of options to fit different user types and use cases.

Contact us to identify the best visualization tool for your team and receive a demo →
Antibody-drug conjugate labeled schematic

Effective ADC design relies on clear visualization of both antibody targeting and payload delivery, enabling researchers to connect pharmacokinetics (PK), pharmacodynamics (PD), and therapeutic outcomes.

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Why CFT

Why is CFT essential for preclinical ADC research?

Conventional methods cannot provide a comprehensive, unbiased map of where an ADC travels and accumulates. Cryo-Fluorescence Tomography serves as a powerful technique by simultaneously providing broad spatial mapping along with high spatial resolution. CFT supports ADC researchers by:

Revealing on-target engagement and payload co-localization
Detecting off-target accumulation early in drug development
Assessing tumor penetration and payload retention
Enabling side-by-side comparisons of ADC constructs or dosing regimens

By visualizing every tissue in 3D, researchers gain the anatomical and molecular context needed to thoroughly test ADC candidate design hypotheses and reduce preclinical uncertainty.

How it works

What is Cryo-Fluorescence Tomography?

CFT is an ex vivo 3D imaging technique that captures both molecular fluorescence and anatomical data from entire animals or large tissue samples.

What is Cryo-Fluorescence Tomography video thumbnail
Watch: how Cryo-Fluorescence Tomography works, start to finish (2 min)
1

Cryo-embedding

Whole animals or tissues are frozen and embedded in a specialized media for imaging without chemical fixation.

2

Serial block-face imaging

The block face is repeatedly sectioned, with each newly exposed surface captured in fluorescence and white-light imaging.

3

3D reconstruction

The resulting images are aligned into a full volumetric dataset, combining molecular and anatomical detail.

Resolution
~20-55 µm
Sensitivity
Single-nanomolar
Channels
Up to 6 multiplexed
Automation
Fully automated
Across the pipeline

How CFT integrates across the ADC development pipeline

Stage
CFT application
Key insight
Discovery
Screen ADC candidates
Rapid visualization of whole-body biodistribution
Optimization
Compare linker and payload chemistry
Observe relative payload release and retention patterns across linker chemistries
Safety
Identify off-target organ uptake
Detect toxicity-prone accumulation sites
Efficacy
Evaluate tumor delivery
Correlate payload delivery with tumor regression

CFT enables confident, data-driven decision-making throughout the preclinical workflow.

Partner with EMIT Imaging

Accelerate discovery and eliminate uncertainty with EMIT Imaging. Our Xerra™ instrumentation and expert CFT services deliver the same powerful combination of sensitivity and sub-organ-level resolution, giving you full-body visualization that traditional methods miss. Partnering with EMIT means faster insight, smarter study design, and more reliable data to drive your next breakthrough.

Want to see how your own data could look? Explore the full range of CFT visualization solutions.

Explore Visualization Solutions
EMIT Viewer

Explore the data yourself, right in your browser

The EMIT Viewer is the web version of our visualization software. Open an example dataset to explore CFT for yourself, page through slices, toggle fluorescence channels, and rotate the reconstructed volume. Nothing to download and nothing to install.

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